Subdivision
| • | 504. Scholars in the Professions | [X] |
| | 1 | Name: | Dr. Eugene Garfield | | | Institution: | The Scientist; Institute for Scientific Information/Thomson Scientific | | | Year Elected: | 2007 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 504. Scholars in the Professions | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1925 | | | Death Date: | February 26, 2017 | | | | | | |
Eugene Garfield was a pioneer in information retrieval systems and the inventor of Current Contents (1958), Index Chemicus (1960), Science Citation Index (1964), Social Sciences Citation Index (1970), and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (1975). He was an eclectic science communicator, founding publisher/editor of The Scientist, and author of over 1,000 articles and books. His annual impact factor rankings of ISI's Journal Citation Reports (1975) have promoted high journal standards worldwide. His HistCite system (1964) of algorithmic historiography now maps research topics from searches of the ISI Web of Science database of 30,000,000 articles. Modern scholarship in the sciences and the humanities relies heavily on the retrieval of information and the assessment of its impact on the thinking of others. Garfield developed the technique of Science Citation. Papers are ranked based on the number of times that they are referenced in other papers. Google is based on the same principle. Web sites are ranked in the list that is generated by the search words or phrase based on the number of times other Web sites refer to them. In their Stanford thesis that is the basis of the Google concept, Google's founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin cited Garfield's invention of Science Citations. His invention has been a major contribution to information technology and to American and world business. Eugene Garfield died February 26, 2017, at the age of 91. | |
| 2 | Name: | Professor Harold Hongju Koh | | | Institution: | Yale Law School | | | Year Elected: | 2007 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 504. Scholars in the Professions | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1954 | | | | | | |
Harold Hongju Koh earned his J.D. from Harvard University in 1980. After clerking for Judge Malcolm Wilkey and Justice Harry Blackmun, he served as an associate at Covington & Burling and as attorney-adviser in the Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel. In 1985 he joined the faculty at Yale Law School. At Yale, Koh quickly established himself as one of the nation's leading scholars of international law, with special emphasis on international human rights law. He also put his scholarship into practice from 1998-2001 as Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, a post of substantial importance in the Clinton years. On returning to Yale in 2001, Koh, through extensive scholarship coupled with amicus briefs in major cases, soon became a highly influential critic of the rights-restrictive legal regime of the Bush administration. Koh was Gerard C. and Bernice Latrobe Smith Professor of International Law, 1993-2009, and Dean of the Law School, 2004-2009. With prodigious energy, he led his institution into a position of global academic eminence. President Obama appointed Koh Legal Advisor to the United States Department of State. He returned to Yale as Sterling Professor of International Law in January 2013.
Harold Koh is the author of The National Security Constitution, 1990; International Business Transactions in United States Courts, 1998; and The Human Rights of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: Different but Equal, 2003. He has received the American Political Science Association's Richard E. Neustadt Award, 1991; the Wolfgang Friedmann Award of Columbia Law School, 2003; and the Louis B. Sohn Award of the American Bar Association, 2005. He became a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2000. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2007. | |
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